Decorations Your Betta Fish Needs: A Guide to Safe, Stimulating, and Beautiful Tanks

When I was new to the fish-keeping hobby, the most confusing problem I faced—after selecting a fish and a tank—was figuring out how to decorate it. And it wasn’t just me; during my time at pet stores, the most common concern among our clients was also how to decorate their tanks.

The real problem is that the internet is flooded with conflicting opinions, half-truths, and vague advice. It’s easy to get overwhelmed—what’s safe? What’s just for show? What actually makes a difference for your betta’s health and happiness?

That is where, along with naturality, creativity comes out. Decorating fish tank is not just about fascinating and adding vibrating colors to your fish aquarium. Rather, it’s a step closer to creating an ecosystem in your aquarium that makes the fish feel like living in its natural habitat.

A well-decorated fish tank has the potential to make any space look like an aquatic paradise. Decorating a fish tank is to be done on a fish priority basis because it’s the fish to whom we provide what it needs and wants.

Numerous choices for decorating a tank, ranging from cool and cute designs to homemade options, make the job more complex to choose the most appropriate option. Also, conflicting opinions of different pet owners and fish experts confuse beginners in selecting the most suitable decorated element for their aquariums.

This guide cuts through the noise, backed by experience and expert insights—no fluff, just what works. Let’s get started.

 

 

The Importance of Decor for Betta Health & Happiness

Betta fish come from shallow, warm waters with lots of plants, like rice fields and slow streams in Southeast Asia. To keep them happy and healthy in a tank, it’s important to decorate it in a way that feels like their natural home. Decorations give them places to hide, which helps them feel safe and less stressed.

Bettas also need spots near the surface to rest because they breathe air from above. Adding things like plants and tunnels keeps them busy and lets them explore, which stops them from getting bored. If they live with other fish, decorations can also help reduce fighting by giving them space to stay out of sight from each other.

The Don’ts of Fish Tank Decoration

As important as knowing what to do, it’s far more crucial to know what not to do regarding fish tank decoration. The Do Nots of fish tank decorations become more critical when you are a beginner and have limited fishing hobby experience. Before going into the Do’s of fish tank decoration, let’s discuss a few crucial Do Nots while getting started with your decoration.

Don’t Overcrowd the Tank

Consider the size of the tank before getting any decorations for it. Too much decoration in a small tank can make it overcrowded, leaving no space for the fish to wander and swim around.

Don’t Use Sharp or Metallic Elements

Avoid decorations with piercing edges or harsh surfaces that could harm your fish. Using metallic decor elements can lead to rust formation and alter the aquarium water pH, causing severe issues for your fish. Similarly, using decorations that are too small for fish to take or choke down is not recommended.

As far as betta is concerned, it’s an intelligent and curious fish and spends most of the time exploring things around it, so any tiny, rough, or irregular decoration item can seriously harm it.

Don’t Use Decorations Coated with Chemicals

Don’t use decor with paint or finishes not explicitly labeled “aquarium safe.” Coated decorations may leach toxins into the water, making it poisonous for fish. Additionally, don’t use natural items collected from outside that haven’t been properly sterilized or verified as non-toxic.

Avoid decorations with small holes or tight gaps where a betta can get stuck. Similarly, avoid using those that are visibly peeling, chipping, or deteriorating.

Don’t Compromise over Functionality

The final and most important one is to not prefer beauty over functionality. Rather, find the best spot where beauty meets functionality, to provide the best possible care for betta fish.

Factors While Choosing Decoration

Decoration is part of your fish hobby, and you must do it yourself. Therefore, we want to cover all its aspects from every side so that even a newbie to the field has the confidence to get started with DIY (do it by yourself) tanks. Here are a few crucial factors to consider when selecting specific aquarium decorations.

1. Fish Species

Different species of fish behave differently to different decorations. Betta fish differ largely by their nature and behaviors. One specific type of decoration may not fit a specific type of betta fish. Research betta preferences and study its behavior closely before choosing decorations for it.

I have experienced that schooling bettas like open areas, while aggressive ones prefer visual barriers. Similarly, shy bettas prefer shelter and tend to remain inactive most of the time, seeking out hiding spots or caves in their aquariums.

2. Tank Size

Consider the impact of tank size while choosing decoration. Make sure that your decoration is proportionate to the tank size. Too many decorations in small-size tanks make them overcrowded, leading to stressing out fish. Similarly, too little can underwhelm. So, balance is the key while decorating your tank.

3. Positioning

The positioning of decorations plays a vital role both aesthetically and functionally. For aesthetics, arrange substrate and plants where they give visual appeal. For decoration to not obstruct the fish’s swimming space, place it off-center and at angles, but remember that heavier and dense elements should be placed flat on the bottom.

Balance vertical and horizontal elements. Create distinct zones (e.g., heavily planted area, open swimming area, hiding spots).

Positioning also impacts filtration and water flow in a fish tank, so don’t let your decoration clog filters or block or reduce water flow.

Never put all your decorations at once with an intention to create a more functional and thriving aquarium. Instead, start with simple and basic decorations first and gradually introduce more complex items.

Decorations Needed for Betta Fish Tank

Substrate

I have placed the substrate at the top of the list; however, the decoration starts at the bottom. Once you’ve selected the right size tank for your betta, the next step is to choose the appropriate substrate for it. Like many other items, substrate depends on the fish’s species, behavior, and tank size. Do you have aggressive or shy fish and thinking about what to use, whether sand or gravel or some glass pebbles? Besides, a lot of substrate options have come out. Here, you will find the essential ideas for decorating a tank with a suitable substrate for your fish.

1. Sand

Sand creates a natural and eye-catching look. Sand fits best for shy fish that bury themselves like eels and knife fish. Other bottom dwellers like corydoras catfish, loaches, and gobies prefer the sand over other substrates. Fine sand is ideal for delicate fish with sensitive fins as it reduces the risk of injury.

For shy betta fish, sand is strongly recommended as a substrate. However, sand has a few drawbacks of its own. It has been experienced that being lighter and fussier to vacuum, sand goes up the tube while cleaning the tank. Also, a bit of sand always comes in the cleaning pad while scrubbing the wall or bottom of the tank for algae removal. Thus, you have to add more sand often.

Planting in the sand is more effortless than gravel, but it is not recommended as budget-friendly option. To create a natural look, use ungraded quartz or granite sand.

2. Gravel

Gravel is one of the most common substrates that goes well for many species, including bettas, tetras, livebearers, and danios. Plants can best anchor their roots in gravel tanks. Gravel comes in a wide range of sizes, but a mix of 3-6 mm is best for aquarium gravel. In this range, the smaller gravels can quickly fill the voids in between larger ones, while the gravel larger than this range can lead to increased bio-load by trapping food particles, which then decompose. Similarly, choose small gravel for smaller fish and large gravel for larger ones. Don’t use large gravel for a betta fish, as it can damage its delicate fins.

There are so many choices for those seeking gravel-sand mix options. One is Fluorite Black Clay (check it on Amazon) gravel, which goes well for both live and artificial plants and has a size range between normal gravel and sand. Another option I suggest for those seeking a gravel-sand hybrid is Pisces USA aquarium gravel, which is available in different colors, i.e., midnight, silver, and golden. Also, it is a cost-effective option compared to other gravels.

Between gravel and sand, the former requires deeper vacuuming, while the latter keeps dirt on the surface due to its density.

3. Organic Soil

If your aquarium does not go well for plant growth, switch your substrate to organic soil. Soil is the ideal option for plant growth as it is a nutrient-rich substrate. Place soil in filter media bags and cover with sand or gravel as it can cloud water.  Certain fish species, like cichlids or catfish (it can be a good betta tank mate), dwell well in organic soil. I prefer soil only if you have to grow stem plants in your aquarium because it can make your tank water toxic relatively fast. Among natural soil, pool filter sand and play sand are budget-friendly options. Black diamond blasting is another cheap substrate if you prefer black sand.

Remember, avoid using nutrient-rich substrate in small tanks, as it continues to leach into the water, making it dirty quite soon. Similarly, small, territorial fish such as cichlids need plenty of rocks and caves to help establish their territories without fighting for space.

4. Rocks

Rocks can provide a thriving environment for fish species that are found in rocky coastal areas and exhibit territorial behavior, such as plecos, catfish, loaches, gobies, African cichlids, and South American cichlids. Rocks add fun to aquariums by providing caves or overhangs for these bottom dwellers.

Rocks can be added with gravel. If you do so, use hard-edged and rounded rocks together for a natural appearance.

Ensure that the rocks you add to your aquarium are non-toxic and don’t interfere with the pH level of your tank. Rocks like malachite and azurite are naturally toxic, so avoid putting them in your aquarium. Also, avoid limestone (calcium carbonate), as it can increase the pH level of your tank. You can use limestone only in addition to driftwood to balance the pH level of your aquarium.

5. Marbles or Glass Pebbles

Although I have not personally put marbles or glass pebbles in my fish tank, some aquarium experts don’t forbid having them in fish aquariums. Remember, these are only added for aesthetic purposes. While these can be visually appealing if you mix them with gravel or stones, make sure they are not sharp enough to damage your fish fins when swimming among them. Remove them as soon as possible if they show signs of wearing down.

6. Other Substrates

Some fish species, including African cichlids, prefer crushed coral or aragonite, which maintains water hardness and pH. Sometimes, your fish, like goldfish, is prone to accidental ingestion, so I recommend larger, rounded substrates.

Driftwood

Driftwood is not used as a substrate itself; instead, it’s used as a decorative element. Since driftwood exists in every aquatic place, I strongly recommend using it as a structural element. Driftwood boosts fish’s natural behavior by providing hiding and breeding places for them.

Before going for driftwood, consider its size and shape. Large pieces can serve as centerpieces, while small pieces are for aesthetic purposes. Your wood arrangements should not cause congestion in the tank as it will lead to creating stress.

Before adding the driftwood to the aquarium, I wash and soak it for several days to weeks. This ensures that the tannins are removed, which can discolor or alter the water’s pH level. Some aquarium experts also recommend boiling but don’t forget to allow the wood to cool before placing it in the aquarium.

You should arrange your prepared driftwood to ensure the natural look in the tank. Create caves or tunnels for shy and inactive fish and hangouts for active ones.

Driftwood tends to rot and decay, so regularly inspect it for signs of decay or algae growth. If you find any, remove them with a soft brush. Also, monitor the pH level ever since and then, if using driftwood that releases tannins. I personally do a partial water change in the case of wood to ensure the clarity of the ecosystem.

Color of Substrate

The substrate color depends on the fish’s behavior and the pet owner’s preferences. Darker substrates suit almost all types of fish species as it is a light absorber and does not create stress or any other issue for light-sensitive species. Most fish feel safe and secure living on the black substrate as it blends into the environment. Brighter substrates like white sand may enhance the brightness of the aquarium, but since they are high reflectors, it is not recommended to have them in aquariums as they may create stress issues for fish.

Suppose you have some tropical fish like guppies, neon tetras, or goldfish in your aquariums that are not usually sensitive to intense lighting. In that case, you can use white or somehow grey substrate, but it is not recommended for long.

I strongly recommend dark substrates and backgrounds for bettas because of their dark, dense vegetated origins. Bettas come in different vibrant colors, including red, blue, green, white, and many more. A darker substrate will create a contrasted environment that will make them feel like they are living in their natural habitat.

Background

Fixing the background in fish aquariums is another best way to provide the bottom dwellers with a sense of natural habitat. The background has the ability to transform a plain glass tank into an aquatic paradise. They may be underwater scenes, forests, and solid colors. The solid color background should be set from a lighter shade at the top to a darker shade at the bottom. If your fish is more interested in natural scenes, try a detailed background in the form of a box with an open mouth at the aquarium top. Black color backgrounds are recommended for a deep shaded feel, while lighter ones are used to create a bright sunny effect.

For betta fish, your background color should complement the betta color. I prefer a solid background for betta fish, such as black, dark blue, or dark green, creating a contrastive environment in the tank.

Live Plants

We have a detailed covering of aquarium plants as this is not a small topic to be compiled in a few lines, but here we are only discussing its décor perspective. Besides decorations, plants in aquariums have so many other functions like consuming nitrogen and producing oxygen that create breathing stuff for the fish. These plants inhale CO2 released by your fish and, in turn, exhale O2 that the fish uses.

Plants have a lot of varieties in color, size, and shape that provide a lot of space for creativity in decorating an aquarium. While choosing plants for your aquarium décor, consider factors like tank size, water parameters, and fish behavior, as ignoring these factors while focusing only on décor may lead to creating issues in your aquarium.

Anubias, with dark green leaves, are easy to grow in low to moderate light conditions. They are low-maintenance plants that can be easily attached to rocks or driftwood.

Amazon Swords grow well in nutrient-rich substrates and prefer moderate lights. They have broad, sword-shaped leaves that add height and a lush appearance to the tank.

We suggest Java Moss for beginners because it is easy to grow in mass and requires very low maintenance. It creates natural-looking scenes that add carpet substrate and cover decorations in the tank.

Java Fern is another beautiful addition to your aquarium that can grow underwater and above water. Underwater, it anchors its roots on any substrate it is attached to. Java Fern is very popular for its durability and versatility.

You can also consider adding floating plants to your betta aquarium as they have some unique advantages which submerged plants don’t offer.

Fake Plants

If you have issues with growing live plants regarding maintenance or water parameters, fake plants are the best option to put in your aquarium. They don’t require any maintenance like trimming, fertilizing, or pruning. Fake plants are durable and resistant to water conditions or changes in lightning. They allow you to create a custom theme and design of your choice, as they come in shapes and colors that live plants can’t offer. 

Fake plants’ collection includes Silk plants, Plastic plants, and Moss balls. Silk plants have soft, flexible leaves that go best for delicate fish like betta. They come in various colors and sizes, providing much room for creativity in planting aquariums. But remember, choose the ones with soft rounded edges and avoid the sharp-edged plants that can harm your fish fins. Moss balls are not plants. Rather, they are round balls that can add fun to your aquarium with which your fish can play.

While fake plants benefit aesthetics and design, remember they are not alternatives to live plants. They don’t provide the facility for oxygenation, nutrient absorption, or ecosystem balance. We suggest fake plants for fish owners and aquarists with limited time and plant care experience.

Betta Fish Tank Accessories

Below is the summarized form of accessories needed for betta fish tanks along with some decorations.

Category	Accessories	Notes
Essential Accessories	Heater	Maintains water temperature at 78–82°F.
	Filter	Choose a gentle filter to avoid strong currents.
	Thermometer	Monitors water temperature to keep it consistent.
	Lighting	Use adjustable LED lights to simulate a natural day-night cycle.
	Lid or Cover	Prevents bettas from jumping out of the tank.
Decorative Accessories	Live Plants (e.g., Anubias, Java Fern, Amazon Sword)	Provide hiding spots and improve water quality.
	Artificial Plants	Use soft silk or plastic plants to prevent fin damage.
	Hiding Spots and Caves	Clay pots, betta logs, or small caves give a safe retreat.
	Driftwood (e.g., Mopani, Cholla wood)	Adds a natural look and may release beneficial tannins.
	Floating Plants	Offers surface cover and resting spots.
	Background	Enhances tank aesthetics and reduces external distractions.
Interactive Accessories	Betta Leaf Hammock	A surface-level resting spot for bettas.
	Floating Mirror	Stimulates natural behaviors like flaring; use sparingly.
	Air Stones or Bubble Walls	Provides gentle aeration and creates a calming visual effect.
Unique and Fun Items	Clay Pots or Mugs	Serve as hideouts; ensure they’re smooth and aquarium-safe.
	Themed Decorations (e.g., castles, sunken ships)	Adds personality to the tank; ensure items are non-toxic and smooth.
	Substrate (e.g., gravel, sand, soil)	Enhances the tank’s look and supports live plants.

 

DIY Decorations: Safety & Simple Projects

There are tons of easy and safe DIY decor ideas you can try for your betta tank without spending a lot. One fun idea is using clean terracotta pots—just make sure to sand down any sharp edges and rinse them well. You can also turn a clean ceramic mug into a cool hideout (just skip the ones with paint or glaze that might chip).

PVC pipes are another great option—cut them into short pieces, sand the edges, and give your betta a tunnel to swim through.

Want something more natural? Try attaching moss or plants like Anubias to driftwood with thread or aquarium glue—it looks awesome and gives your fish a cozy spot to rest or hide. Just remember: safety first! Always check materials, clean everything, and double-check that whatever you add won’t break down or hurt your betta.

Keep Your Betta Decor Safe & Clean

Keeping your betta’s tank decor clean is an important part of keeping the whole tank healthy. When cleaning decorations, always use tank water you’ve taken out during a water change—never use soap, bleach, or any household cleaners, as even a little bit of leftover residue can be harmful or even deadly to your fish.

Use a soft toothbrush or an algae scraper made for aquariums to gently clean off dirt or algae. Always clean decor outside the tank so you don’t stir up mess or chemicals in the water. For tough algae, you can gently scrub it off, or if your tank is big enough, add algae-eating snails or shrimp to help. Be gentle with live plants, wipe down fake ones, and scrub rocks or driftwood carefully.

One last tip—don’t clean everything at once. Decor holds good bacteria that help keep the tank stable, so clean only a few things at a time during regular maintenance to avoid messing with the tank’s balance.

The Betta Decor Safety Checklist